ENERGY MODELLING AND FORECASTING OF DAERAH ISTIMEWA YOGYAKARTA 2025

Daerah Istimewa Yogyakarta (DIY) is one of the provinces in Indonesia which does not have a backup or potential sources of non-renewable primary energy. The non-renewable energy demand until this time, such as oil,coal and gas is supplied from the outside. DIY is in Java Madura Bali (JAMALI) interconnerction system and has not had a large-scale power systems. While DIY has renewable energy sources such as hydro, solar, wind, wave and biomass energy. These renewable energy sources are alternative energy that have not been optimally used. The lack of reserve energy resources that resulting dependence of energy supply from other areas should receive special attention from DIY government. To meet energy demand, the energy resources development is required. Due to the energy resources development requires a long time and high cost, it is necessary to be supported by good planning in energy policy.The purpose of this study is to determine the balance of energy demand and supply of  DIY until 2025. Furthermore, the purpose of this study is to find out a mix number of renewable energy. The Indonesian government has launched a vision of 25/25 which expection in 2025, the mix number of renewable energy will be 25%.The results of this study indicate that in 2025, the Transportion Sector is the largest energy user sector in DIY at 52.37%, followed by Household Sector (32.70%), Commercial Sector (8.26%), Other Sector (4.64%), and Industrial Sector (2.04%). The high level of energy consumption in the Transportation Sector is caused by the increasing number of vehicles especially motorcycles and passenger cars considering DIY is a student and tourism city. In term of the type of energy used, in 2025, the gasoline is the greatest type of energy demand (41.8%), followed by LPG (23.97%), electricity (18.14%) and diesel oil (11, 74%). This indicates that the fuel oil is still the main energy source for the DIY community activities. When viewed from supply side, most of the energy needs in DIY are supplied from outside. If the development of enewable energy targets DIY reached, the renewable energy mix is obtained by 0.53 %

OPTIMIZATION OF MUNICIPAL WASTE COLLECTION POINTS IN YOGYAKARTA CITY- INDONESIA

Uneven capacity utilization seems to be a constant problem in Yogyakarta waste management system. The problem is worsen by lack of a decision tool to evaluate the system and formulate appropriate strategy.This present study therefore aims atevaluatingthe performance of existing waste management systemandoptimizingmunicipal waste collection points. A mathematical model of MixedIntegerLinearProgramming was developed and implemented inLingo 9. Findings show that the current waste management system is associated to daily total cost of about IDR 10 million and capacity utilization of 88%. Scenarios are developed to examine the optimized system. Findings suggest that current municipal waste can be handled with 35 collection points involving 15 depots and 20 containers. The optimized system is corresponding to IDR 6.3 millionand the capacity utilization of 99%, which makes a reduced cost of 37% and an increasedcapacity utilization of 13% in comparison to the performance of the existing system. Based on sensitivity analysis,volume of municipal waste appears to be influential factor toward the total cost and network structure. Limitation of the model is also discussed.

HYBRID POWER SYSTEM MODELING FOR ELECTRICITY SYSTEM IN SUMBAWA DISTRICT (HYBRID POWER SYSTEM MODELING)

Include the provision of energy management, utilization and enterprise shall be done justice, sustainability and so can not give optimal benefits for the greater welfare of the people. Sumbawa has a variety of potential sources of renewable energy such as; water energy, solar energy, wind energy, geothermal energy and biomass. From a variety of renewable energy potential can be made a model of hybrid power system design for the electrical system in Sumbawa is based on renewable energy in the region.             The purpose of this study was to determine the magnitude of the potential of renewable energy for power generation, knowing large share of renewable energy to the electrical energy needs and design a model of hybrid power system for electrical system in Sumbawa by using HOMER (Hybrid Optimisation Model for Electric Renewables).             The results of this study recommend a model of hybrid power system that is optimum for a total net present cost (NPC) US $144,954,400, operating cost of US$ 1,801,515 / year, the cost of electric (COE) US $ 0.090 / kWh of excess electricity and 99,072,760 (kWh / year) and the contribution of each component of the capacity modeling results are; PV Array 4.4%; wind turbine 20.3%; hydro turbine 74.4%; biomass generator 0.8%; G1 and G2 diesel generator as a back-up system by 0.1%. The results of model simulations also show that the model of hybrid power system that is recommended to have much lower levels of emissions than conventional systems where there is a reduction in the level of emissions into the environment by 99.75%. Thus the hybrid power system for electrical system in Sumbawa considered feasible as an alternative solution to meet the electrical energy needs in Sumbaw

Survival strategies of traditional retailers during the COVID-19 pandemic: Some insights from a developing country

Purpose: The paper aims to report the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic and investigate survival strategies during the pandemic of traditional retailers. Design/methodology/approach: Exploratory methodology consisting of the literature review and an empirical study was conducted. The theoretical framework of resilience strategy was built to provide a guideline for the empirical study. The empirical study involves a longitudinal study with 30 traditional retailers located in Yogyakarta, Indonesia. The empirical data was collected using semi-structured interviews in mid-2019 and mid-2020, corresponding to the condition before and during the pandemic. Secondary data sources were also examined to refine the empirical evidence. Findings: The findings confirm that the pandemic has created disruptions in supply and demand, subsequently affecting operations. 90% of the traditional retailers experienced demand reduction, which varied among the retailers (M = 47%, SD = 25%), and 10% of the traditional retailers have not received any profit. The majority of the traditional retailer adopted reactive rather than proactive strategies. To cope with the pandemic, the traditional retailers have focused on efficient strategies and implemented exploitation-oriented strategies combined with exploration-oriented strategies. Trust and social capital were also discovered to explain the reasons behind the resiliency and sustainability of the traditional retailers. Research limitations/implications: Due to the preliminary and explorative nature of the present study, the generality of the findings may therefore be limited. Future research focusing on quantitative analysis using a large sample helps to achieve the generality of the findings. Practical implications: Because the strategies implemented in large enterprises (LEs) usually do not fit in micro-, small-, and medium enterprises (MSMEs), exploring strategies that are consistent with the characteristics of MSMEs and leverage their potentials is necessary. Building ambidextrous retailers through leveraging social capital/network and informal forum, exploiting affordable technology (e.g., social media, marketplace), and honing innovativeness is a way to survive in a dynamic environment. Social implications: Because the traditional retailers have contributed to economic development and social function, the government should empower them to leverage their capabilities through training and strengthen their business ecosystem through collective actions. Originality/value: The study contributes to the resilience body of knowledge concerning the strategies implemented by the traditional retailers during a long and unpredictable disruption in a developing country setting, which is scarce in the literaturePeer Reviewe

The Comparison of Electric Vehicles System in Indonesia and France: a Systematic Literature Review

Indonesia is one of the countries that supports the use of electric vehicles for road transportation. However, efforts to accelerate the diffusion of electric vehicles started only in the last few years, so the current development is still not optimal. On the other hand, France is one of the pioneering countries in the use of electric vehicles. The adoption of electric vehicles in France is the second-highest among EU countries. Therefore, this article compares the electric vehicle systems in Indonesia and France to illustrate what distinguishes them, so we can then get a policy system that can be adopted from the electric vehicle system in France to Indonesia. A systematic literature review was conducted by analyzing 27 articles obtained from Scopus. Based on the analysis results, it is found that there are several differences between the electric vehicle system in Indonesia and France, including those related to the dominant types of vehicles on the road, electricity sources, availability of charging stations, and total cost of ownership. These differences then become an insight for new policies in the electric vehicle system in Indonesia

SOLAR AND WIND ENERGY MODELLING FOR CENTRAL BANGKA REGENCY, BANGKA BELITUNG PROVINCE

Central Bangka is a developing regency in Bangka Belitung Island Province. Geographically Bangka Belitung Islands is not far from the equator. The development of human resources and infrastructure for the energy sector is an integral part of regional development efforts. To fulfill the district's energy, we need to look at the potential of renewable energy such as wind power and solar power within the district. This research also provides the potential renewable energy capacity configuration through a simulation.This research used the simulation approach method to map the energy demand over the district and renewable energy available in the region. Energy demand data received from the National Electrical Company (PLN) of Bangka Belitung Province, and potential renewable energy data were obtained from the Ministry of Energy and Mineral Resources of The Republic of Indonesia and the NASA website. Software HOMER is used to analyze electrical energy potential from renewable energy sources.The simulation shows wind energy could provide 0.15 – 0.19 kW and solar power at 3.99 – 4.96 kW/m2/day. The optimum configuration of energy supply consists of 61.4% solar energy and 38.6% wind energy. The hybrid configuration above using the solar photovoltaic (PV) output of 286,981 kWh/year and wind generator output of 180,758 kWh/year and an estimated value of $1,663,598.53 for capital cost,$134,548.34 of operational cost, and cost of energy generated at $0.43/kWh.

Location Planning of Urban Distribution Center under Uncertainty: A Case Study of Yogyakarta Special Region Province, Indonesia

Purpose: The paper aims at proposing a framework of hybrid spatial-fuzzy multi-criteria decision-making and demonstrating application of the framework to evaluate and select the appropriate location for Urban Distribution Center in Yogyakarta Special Region Province, Indonesia. The study has been inspired by the need to evaluate the Urban Distribution Center initiative, i.e., Jogja Inland Port by local government that has been hampered due to lack of participating companies. Design/methodology/approach: The proposed framework consists of two steps of analysis. First, spatial analysis to generate alternative locations using weighted Geographical Information System data; second, fuzzy multi-criteria decision-making to select the best location. Fuzzy Technique for Order of Preference by Similarity to Ideal Solution was applied to deal with multi-criteria, multiple stakeholders, and uncertainty. Accessibility, security, connectivity of multi-modal transport, costs, environmental impact, proximity to customers, proximity to suppliers, resource availability, expansion possibility, service quality, are taken as the decision criteria. Local government of Yogyakarta province, practitioners, and logistic expert, are involved as representative participants in evaluating the Urban Distribution Center location of Yogyakarta Special Region Province. Findings: The proposed framework has indicated that the Jogja Inland Port is not the best alternative. A joint warehouse managed by a group of private companies located in Berbah (Sleman district) appears to be the best alternative location for Urban Distribution Center. Consistent results are also found by using other approaches (Intuitionistic Fuzzy Technique for Order Preference by Similarity to Ideal Solution and Set Pair Analysis). Research limitations/implications: In addition to the government, expert, and practitioners that involved in this study, future research could engage local residents as decision makers to refine the results, as various stakeholders may come up with different preferences. Practical implications: From a practical point of view, the application of combined approach (integrating spatial analysis using weighted Geographical Information System data and fuzzy multi-criteria decision making) is a promising approach in dealing with Urban Distribution Center location problem which is characterized by multi-criteria, multiple stakeholders, spatial-related issues, and uncertainty. Social implications: The unsuccessful establishment of Jogja Inland Port implies that Urban Distribution Center location problem is a complex system, involving multifaceted factors that should be considered simultaneously. Originality/value: The research proposes a framework to evaluate and select the appropriate location for Urban Distribution Center through combined approach of weighted Geographical Information System data and fuzzy multi-criteria decision-making which involves relevant stakeholders.Peer Reviewe

Retail technology adaptation in traditional retailers:A technology-to-performance chain perspective

Traditional retailers must immediately embrace and adapt technology to survive in the competitive retail industry as retail technology rapidly changes consumers’ buying habits and expectations. This study may be the first to apply the Technology-to-Performance Chain (TPC) to traditional retailers' technological adaptation in an emerging market. A developing country's traditional retailers were studied qualitatively. Most of traditional retail's ongoing technologies are the result of adaptation by combining existing technologies to local conditions or technology adoption improvements. Technology adaptation includes using PoS system software with a printer and barcode scanner to substitute modern retail cash registers, a combination of mobile apps and PoS system software to mimic mPoS, and adapted EDC for digital product transactions. This technology adaptation is meant to manage business processes and manage the business growth of traditional retail that has limited resources and unique additional services. Therefore, available technology should be adapted to ensure low complexity, compatibility, and reliance on technologies that are familiar to people in developing countries. Furthermore, the task-technology fit (TTF) component requires the support of traditional retailers’ awareness, effective partnerships with technology providers, and perceived technical competence to increase the utilization of adapted technology and achieve the expected performance which includes inventory data clarity, increased retail revenue, and time savings

Waste Bank Program for Households as A Means of Processing Inorganic Waste

Waste management is crucial in the present day, particularly due to the increase in trash production caused by population growth. To address this issue, the government has implemented the Waste Bank Program, which aims to reduce the amount of waste stored at disposal sites. This program has had a significant impact on the management of household waste, which makes up the majority of all waste generated in Indonesia. Despite its importance, participation in the Waste Bank program is low in many communities. To address this issue, a community activity was organized in Sleman, Yogyakarta Special Region to promote and implement the Waste Bank program in one of the 44-family Neighborhood Units. The focus of this activity was the management of inorganic trash. During the six-month period from April to October 2021, the Waste Bank program had a significant increase in participation, with the percentage of community members taking part rising from 27% to 60%. As a result of these efforts, a total of 1,084 kg of inorganic trash was collected. This waste was primarily composed of paper, followed by plastic, various other materials such as iron, aluminum, and used cooking oil, and a smaller amount of glass. The report summarizes the steps taken, challenges encountered, and potential solutions implemented during the initiation of the Waste Bank program. Additionally, the community was able to save 16% of the revenue generated from the collected trash through monthly environmental fees. These findings provide valuable insight into the current state of waste generation and the community’s situation, which can inform future effortsto reduce waste